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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<ul class="crumbs"><li><a href="../index.html">Home</a></li><li><a href="../inform7n.html">Inform7</a></li><li><a href="index.html">assertions</a></li><li><a href="index.html#4">Chapter 4: Assertions</a></li><li><b>Property Knowledge</b></li></ul></div>
<p class="purpose">This section draws inferences from assertions which seem to be about the properties of things, independent of their location.</p>
<ul class="toc"><li><a href="4-pk.html#SP1">&#167;1. Asserting global variable values</a></li><li><a href="4-pk.html#SP2">&#167;2. Asserting properties, three different ways</a></li></ul><hr class="tocbar">
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;1. Asserting global variable values. </b></p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="reserved-syntax">void</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::initialise_global_variable</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup1')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup1">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::initialise_global_variable</span></span>:<br/>Assertions - <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_41_3">&#167;6.3.41.3</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">nonlocal_variable</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">q</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">q</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">internal_error</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"tried to initialise null variable"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">VariableSubjects::typecheck_initial_value</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">q</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">var</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Lvalues::new_actual_NONLOCAL_VARIABLE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">q</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pcalc_prop</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prop</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="8-cu.html#SP4" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Propositions::Abstract::to_set_relation</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">R_equality</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">var</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Assert::true</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prop</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prevailing_mood</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
</pre>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;2. Asserting properties, three different ways. </b>In these three alternative functions, we can assert that a given owner &mdash; specified
either as an object, a value or a subtree &mdash; should have
</p>
<ul class="items"><li>(a) a given single property equal to a value given as a subtree,
</li><li>(b) a given single property equal to an explicit value, or
</li><li>(c) a whole list of properties and their values.
</li></ul>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="reserved-syntax">void</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::assert_property_value_from_property_subtree_infs</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup2')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup2">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::assert_property_value_from_property_subtree_infs</span></span>:<br/>Define by Table Requests - <a href="3-dbtr.html#SP4_2_3_1">&#167;4.2.3.1</a><br/>Assertions - <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_13">&#167;6.3.13</a>, <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_26">&#167;6.3.26</a>, <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_41">&#167;6.3.41</a>, <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_41_4">&#167;6.3.41.4</a>, <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_41_5">&#167;6.3.41.5</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">property</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">inference_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pcalc_prop</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prop</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="8-cu.html#SP7" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Propositions::Abstract::from_property_subtree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">val_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP2_3" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue a problem for an unrecognised property owner</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">2.3</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Assert::true_about</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prop</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prevailing_mood</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
<span class="reserved-syntax">void</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::assert_property_list</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup3')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup3">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::assert_property_list</span></span>:<br/>The Creator - <a href="4-tc.html#SP4_2_1">&#167;4.2.1</a><br/>Assertions - <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_18">&#167;6.3.18</a>, <a href="4-ass.html#SP6_3_29">&#167;6.3.29</a>, <a href="4-ass.html#SP9">&#167;9</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">list_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP2_2" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Check that the owner subtree isn't dangerously elaborate</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">2.2</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">inference_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="function-syntax">&lt;s-type-expression&gt;</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">)))</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="function-syntax">&lt;&lt;rp&gt;&gt;</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Specifications::is_description</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) &amp;&amp;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Descriptions::is_qualified</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">K</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Specifications::to_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">K</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">KindSubjects::from_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">K</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">LOG</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"OS is: $T\n"</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP2_3" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue a problem for an unrecognised property owner</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">2.3</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind_clue</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP2_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Work out the clue kind</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">2.1</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pcalc_prop</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prop</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="8-cu.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Propositions::Abstract::from_property_list</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">list_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind_clue</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Assert::true_about</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prop</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prevailing_mood</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
</pre>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP2_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;2.1. </b>We pass the "clue kind" to obtain a proposition which includes an atom
setting the kind of the free variable &mdash; not because we need to assert this,
although it does no harm to, but because this enables the proposition
asserter to know the kind of the free variable, which in turn affects the
interpretation placed on adjectives which have different meanings in different
domains. (Within "object", we needn't narrow down, though, because adjectives
are typechecked at run-time rather than compile-time in that domain.)
</p>
<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Work out the clue kind</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">2.1</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind_clue</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">KindSubjects::to_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind_clue</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind_clue</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">KindSubjects::to_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">InferenceSubjects::narrowest_broader_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">InferenceSubjects::is_an_object</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) ||</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">InferenceSubjects::is_a_kind_of_object</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner</span><span class="plain-syntax">)))</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind_clue</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">K_object</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
</pre>
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="4-pk.html#SP2">&#167;2</a>.</li></ul>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP2_2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;2.2. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Check that the owner subtree isn't dangerously elaborate</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">2.2</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_evaluation</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Specifications::is_description</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Propositions::contains_binary_predicate</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Specifications::to_proposition</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">))) ||</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Descriptions::number_of_adjectives_applied_to</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">) &gt; </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span><span class="plain-syntax">) ||</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Propositions::contains_adjective</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Specifications::to_proposition</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">)))) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_source</span><span class="plain-syntax">(1, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">(2, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">owner_spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::handmade_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_RelationAPL</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_segment</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"The sentence %1 looked to me as if it might be trying to assign certain "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"properties to something described in a way (%2) which involved a clause "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"which can't be properly determined until the game is running, so that at "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"this point it's impossible to act upon."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_end</span><span class="plain-syntax">();</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
</pre>
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="4-pk.html#SP2">&#167;2</a>.</li></ul>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP2_3" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;2.3. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue a problem for an unrecognised property owner</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">2.3</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_source</span><span class="plain-syntax">(1, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::handmade_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PropForBadKOV</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_segment</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"The sentence %1 looked to me as if it might be trying to assign certain properties "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"to something which is not allowed to have them."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_end</span><span class="plain-syntax">();</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
</pre>
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="4-pk.html#SP2">&#167;2</a> (twice).</li></ul>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;3. </b>The following assumes that the subtree <span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">py</span></span> describes a value which the
<span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">prn</span></span> property of something will have; it issues problem messages if this
would be impossible, returning <span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">NULL</span></span>, or else silently returns the value.
It's used both above and by the tree-conversion code in the predicate
calculus engine.
</p>
<p class="commentary">Here there's no need to perform any typechecking; all of that is done by
the proposition machinery. But we do look for empty lists, whose implied kind
can only be deduced from a wider context than that proposition describes.
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::property_value_from_property_subtree</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup4')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup4">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">Assertions::PropertyKnowledge::property_value_from_property_subtree</span></span>:<br/>Calculus Utilities - <a href="8-cu.html#SP7">&#167;7</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">property</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Properties::is_either_or</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP3_2" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue a problem, as this uses a bare adjective as if a value-property</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.2</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP3_3" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue a problem, as this makes sense only for value properties</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.3</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP3_4" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Check that the subtree does indeed express a property value</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.4</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NonlocalVariables::substitute_constants</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_evaluation</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">property_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">ValueProperties::kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP3_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Cast the empty list to whatever kind of list is expected</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.1</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Specifications::is_value</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) &amp;&amp; (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">CONSTANT_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">))</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="4-pk.html#SP3_5" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue a problem for a property value which isn't a constant</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.5</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
</pre>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;3.1. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Cast the empty list to whatever kind of list is expected</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.1</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">kind</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">constant_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Specifications::to_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Kinds::get_construct</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">constant_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">CON_list_of</span><span class="plain-syntax">) &amp;&amp;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Kinds::eq</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Kinds::unary_construction_material</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">constant_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">K_nil</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) &amp;&amp;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Lists::length_of_ll</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) == </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span><span class="plain-syntax">) &amp;&amp;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Kinds::get_construct</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">property_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">CON_list_of</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Lists::set_kind_of_list_at</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">property_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::set_kind_of_value</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">val</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">property_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">constant_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">property_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
</pre>
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="4-pk.html#SP3">&#167;3</a>.</li></ul>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3_2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;3.2. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue a problem, as this uses a bare adjective as if a value-property</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.2</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_source</span><span class="plain-syntax">(1, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_property</span><span class="plain-syntax">(3, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::handmade_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_HasBareAdjective</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_segment</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"In %1 you write about the %3 property as if it were some kind of value "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"or possession, but %3 is an either/or property - something is either "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"%3 or not. (For example, it's incorrect to say 'The glass box has "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"transparent'; the right way is just 'The glass box is transparent.')"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_end</span><span class="plain-syntax">();</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
</pre>
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="4-pk.html#SP3">&#167;3</a>.</li></ul>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3_3" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;3.3. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue a problem, as this makes sense only for value properties</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.3</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_source</span><span class="plain-syntax">(1, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_wording</span><span class="plain-syntax">(2, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_property</span><span class="plain-syntax">(3, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::handmade_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">BelievedImpossible</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_segment</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"In %1 you give a value of the %3 property as '%2', but %3 is an either/or "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"property - something is either %3 or not, so there is no value involved."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_end</span><span class="plain-syntax">();</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
</pre>
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="4-pk.html#SP3">&#167;3</a>.</li></ul>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3_4" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;3.4. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Check that the subtree does indeed express a property value</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.4</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="4-rpt.html#SP6" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Refiner::nominalise_adjective</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">switch</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_type</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">PROPER_NOUN_NT:</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_evaluation</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) ||</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_evaluation</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">UNKNOWN_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">))) {</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_source</span><span class="plain-syntax">(1, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_wording</span><span class="plain-syntax">(2, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_property</span><span class="plain-syntax">(3, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::handmade_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PropertyValueUnknown</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_segment</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"You wrote %1, but that seems to set a property %3 to the "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"value '%2', which I don't recognise as meaning anything."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_end</span><span class="plain-syntax">();</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">; </span><span class="comment-syntax"> (this is fine &mdash; there's a well-expressed value)</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">COMMON_NOUN_NT:</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PropertyInstance</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"this property value makes no sense to me"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"since it looks as if it contains a relative clause. Sometimes this "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"happens if a clause follows directly on, and I have misunderstood to "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"what it belongs. For instance: 'The widget is a door with matching "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"key a thing in the Ballroom' is read with 'a thing in the Ballroom' as "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"the value of the 'matching key' property, not with 'in the Ballroom' "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"applying to the door."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">X_OF_Y_NT:</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">BelievedImpossible</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"something grammatically odd has happened here"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"possibly to do with the unexpected 'of' in what seems to be a list of "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"property values?"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WITH_NT:</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_MisplacedFrom</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"something grammatically odd has happened here"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"possibly to do with the unexpected 'with' in what seems "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"to be a list of property values? Maybe there is some punctuation missing."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">default:</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_source</span><span class="plain-syntax">(1, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_wording</span><span class="plain-syntax">(2, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_property</span><span class="plain-syntax">(3, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::handmade_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PeculiarPropertyValue</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_segment</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"You wrote %1, but that seems to set a property %3 to the "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"value '%2', which really doesn't make sense."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_end</span><span class="plain-syntax">();</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
</pre>
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="4-pk.html#SP3">&#167;3</a>.</li></ul>
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3_5" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>&#167;3.5. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue a problem for a property value which isn't a constant</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.5</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
</p>
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_source</span><span class="plain-syntax">(1, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_wording</span><span class="plain-syntax">(2, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">py</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">(3, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">property_kind</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::quote_property</span><span class="plain-syntax">(4, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prn</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::handmade_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PropertyNonConstant</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_segment</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"In %1 you give a value of the %4 property as '%2', "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"and while this does make sense as %3, it is a value which "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"exists and changes during play, and which doesn't make sense to "</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"use when setting up the initial state of things."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Problems::issue_problem_end</span><span class="plain-syntax">();</span>
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
</pre>
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