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<!--Weave of 'Verbal and Relative Clauses' generated by Inweb-->
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<div class="breadcrumbs">
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<ul class="crumbs"><li><a href="../index.html">Home</a></li><li><a href="../compiler.html">Inform7 Modules</a></li><li><a href="index.html">core</a></li><li><a href="index.html#10">Chapter 10: The S-Parser</a></li><li><b>Verbal and Relative Clauses</b></li></ul></div>
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<p class="purpose">To break down an excerpt into NP and VP-like clauses, perhaps with a primary verb (to make a sentence), perhaps only a relative clause (to make a more complex NP).</p>
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<ul class="toc"><li><a href="10-varc.html#SP2">§2. The top level of the S-grammar</a></li><li><a href="10-varc.html#SP8">§8. Tidying up a sentence subtree</a></li><li><a href="10-varc.html#SP9">§9. Values as noun phrases</a></li><li><a href="10-varc.html#SP12">§12. Junction</a></li></ul><hr class="tocbar">
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§1. </b>This is a global mode for the S-parser: see below.
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">force_all_SP_noun_phrases_to_be_physical</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§2. The top level of the S-grammar. </b>English is an SVO language, where the main parts of the sentence occur in the
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order subject, verb, object. The following grammar parses that crucial division,
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and note that it can be used either to form a complete sentence, where there
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is an active verb —
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>now the silver bars are in the Hall of Mists;</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">or alternatively to make a more elaborate noun phrase, using a relative clause,
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where there is no active verb:
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>a woman who carries the silver bars;</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">We sometimes also have to deal with English's use of "there" as a meaningless
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placeholder to stand for a missing noun phrase:
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>there is an open door</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§3. </b>The following parses a sentence with an active verb.
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</p>
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<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-sentence></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><np-existential></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-existential-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP3_2" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Make SV provided object is descriptive</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.2</span></a></span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-general-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP3_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Make SV</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.1</span></a></span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-existential-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><copular-verb></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase-nounless></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(RP[1], NULL, RP[2]) }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§3.1. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Make SV</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.1</span></span><span class="Preform-comment-syntax"> =</span>
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::correct_for_adjectives</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[1], </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[2]);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { -, </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP12" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[1], </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[2]) }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP3">§3</a>.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3_2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§3.2. </b>An ugly trick, invisible from the grammar itself, is that we forbid the
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object to be a value. This removes cases like "if there is 21", but in fact
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we do it to avoid problem messages whenever a table column exists with the
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name "there". (Because of the unfortunately worded phrase "there is T"
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for a table reference; the phrase should never have been called something
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so ambiguous — a bad decision in about 2003.)
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</p>
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<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Make SV provided object is descriptive</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">3.2</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">op</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[2];</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">test</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">op</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">test</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">AMBIGUITY_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">test</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">test</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><a href="14-sp.html#SP3" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Specifications::is_description_like</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">test</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">) { ==> { </span><span class="identifier-syntax">fail</span><span class="plain-syntax"> } }</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { -, </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP12" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">op</span><span class="plain-syntax">) }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP3">§3</a>.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP4" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§4. </b>More generally, the tail syntax splits according to the verb in question. The
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copular verb "to be" has special syntactic rules for its object phrase (for
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Inform, at least: linguists would probably analyse this slightly differently).
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We've just seen one special point: "to be" can take the placeholder
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"there", which no other verb can. (English does allow this, for archaic or
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dramatic purposes: "There lurks a mysterious invisible force." Inform
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doesn't, and it also doesn't read the mathematical usage "there exists",
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though this caused the author a certain pang of regret.) The verb "to be" is
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considered "copular" because it acts to combine its subject and object: "X
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is 5", "Y is blue", and so on, refer to just one thing but make a statement
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about its nature or identity. Other verbs — "to carry", say — normally
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refer to two different things, at least in their most general forms: "X
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carries the briefcase". Therefore:
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Mr Cogito is in the Dining Room.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">should be parsed, but
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Mr Cogito carries in the Dining Room.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">should not. One can debate whether this is a difference of syntax or semantics,
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but for Inform, it's handled at the syntax level.
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</p>
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<p class="commentary">The universal verb "to relate" needs a special syntax in order to
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handle its extra object: see below.
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</p>
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<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-general-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><universal-verb></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-universal-relation-term></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(RP[1], NULL, RP[2]) }</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><nonimperative-verb></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><permitted-preposition></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(RP[1], RP[2], RP[3]) }</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><nonimperative-verb></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(RP[1], NULL, RP[2]) }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP5" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§5. </b>The verb marker is a temporary node used just to store the verb or preposition
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usage; it's attached to the tree only briefly before sentence conversion
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removes it again.
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup1')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup1">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker</span></span>:<br/><a href="10-varc.html#SP3">§3</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP4">§4</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP7">§7</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP12_1">§12.1</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_usage</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">preposition</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">prep</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">np</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VP_part</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::new</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">UNKNOWN_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::set_vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VP_part</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::set_prep</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VP_part</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">prep</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">VP_part</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">np</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">VP_part</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP6" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§6. </b>The following catches the "Y to Z" right-hand term of the universal relation,
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>X relates Y to Z</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">where Y and Z must somehow be folded into a single noun phrase. Conceptually it
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would be neatest to represent this as a combination kind, but that might lead
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us to require the presence of the heap, since combinations are stored on the
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heap; and that would effectively make "relates" of limited use on Z-machine
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works.
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</p>
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<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-universal-relation-term></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">to</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::val(Rvalues::from_pair(RP[1], RP[2]), W) }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP7" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§7. </b>The following parses a noun phrase with a relative clause, which is
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syntactically very similar to the case of a sentence. Sometimes the verb is
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explicit, as here:
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>a woman who does not carry an animal</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">in which case "who", acting as a marker of the relative clause, is the
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only way this differs from a sentence; but sometimes it is implicit:
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>a woman not in the Hall of Mists</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">In this case the verb is implicitly the copular verb "to be" and our
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grammar has to differ from the sentence grammar above.
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</p>
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|
|
<p class="commentary">Some prepositions imply the player as object: "carried", in the sense of
|
|
"to be carried", for instance — "The briefcase is carried". We fill the
|
|
relevant noun subtree with a representation of the player-object for those.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-np-with-relative-clause></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase-nounless></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-implied-relative-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP7_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Make SN</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">7.1</span></a></span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-relative-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP7_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Make SN</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">7.1</span></a></span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-implied-relative-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><copular-preposition></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase-nounless></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(regular_to_be, RP[1], RP[2]) }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">not</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><copular-preposition></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase-nounless></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(negated_to_be, RP[1], RP[2]) }</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-relative-verb-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><rc-marker></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><universal-verb></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-universal-relation-term></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(RP[2], NULL, RP[3]) }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><rc-marker></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><nonimperative-verb></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><permitted-preposition></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(RP[2], RP[3], RP[4]) }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><rc-marker></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><nonimperative-verb></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { -, ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker(RP[2], NULL, RP[3]) }</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP7_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§7.1. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Make SN</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">7.1</span></span><span class="Preform-comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">LOGIF</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">MATCHING</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="string-syntax">"So uncorrectedly RP[1] = $T\n"</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[1]);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">LOGIF</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">MATCHING</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="string-syntax">"and uncorrectedly RP[2] = $T\n"</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[2]);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::correct_for_adjectives</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[1], </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[2]);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { -, </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP12" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[1], </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[2]) };</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP7">§7</a> (twice).</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP8" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§8. Tidying up a sentence subtree. </b>This checks, in a paranoid sort of way, that a subtree is properly formed,
|
|
and also makes one useful correction when it sees a wrong guess as to whether
|
|
an adjective is meant as a noun.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="reserved-syntax">void</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::correct_for_adjectives</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup2')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup2">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::correct_for_adjectives</span></span>:<br/><a href="10-varc.html#SP3_1">§3.1</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP7_1">§7.1</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP12_1">§12.1</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">subject_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">, *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">object_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">, *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">internal_error</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"SV childless"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">subject_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">internal_error</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"SV childless"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">object_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP8_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Modify the object from a noun to an adjective if the subject is also a noun</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">8.1</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP8_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§8.1. </b>The following is used to correct the SV-subtree for something like "painting
|
|
is orange" so that "orange" will be used not as a noun but as an adjective.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Modify the object from a noun to an adjective if the subject is also a noun</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">8.1</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><a href="14-rv.html#SP3" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Rvalues::to_instance</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">object_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) &&</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">subject_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">) &&</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><a href="14-sp.html#SP3" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Specifications::is_description_like</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">subject_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">))) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">adjq</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">object_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">instance</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">I</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-rv.html#SP3" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Rvalues::to_instance</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">adjq</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><a href="6-ins.html#SP34" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Instances::get_adjective</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">I</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">unary_predicate</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">ale</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">UnaryPredicates::new</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><a href="6-ins.html#SP34" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Instances::get_adjective</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">I</span><span class="plain-syntax">), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-ds.html#SP1" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Descriptions::from_proposition</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">adjq</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="14-ds.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Descriptions::add_to_adjective_list</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">ale</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_subtree</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP8">§8</a>.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP9" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§9. Values as noun phrases. </b>It is very nearly true that the subject and object noun phrases are parsed
|
|
by <s-value>, which was given in "Type Expressions and Values". But there
|
|
is a technicality: for reasons to do with ambiguities, <s-value> needs to
|
|
be able to try descriptions which involve only physical objects at one stage,
|
|
and then later to try other descriptions.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="commentary">Note that <s-purely-physical-description> calls <s-description> which in
|
|
turn may, if there's a relative clause, call <s-np-with-relative-clause> and thus
|
|
<s-noun-phrase>. Rather than passing endless copies of a flag down the call
|
|
stack, we simply give <s-noun-phrase> a global mode of operation.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-purely-physical-description></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">internal</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">{</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">s</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">force_all_SP_noun_phrases_to_be_physical</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">force_all_SP_noun_phrases_to_be_physical</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">p</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-description></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">(</span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">)) </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">p</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><<rp>></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">force_all_SP_noun_phrases_to_be_physical</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">s</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">p</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">) { ==> { -, </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">p</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> }; </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">; }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> ==> { </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">fail</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">nonterminal</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> };</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax">}</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><if-forced-physical></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">internal</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">0</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">{</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">force_all_SP_noun_phrases_to_be_physical</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">) </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> ==> { </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">fail</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-identifier-syntax">nonterminal</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> };</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax">}</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP10" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§10. </b>The upshot of this is that <s-noun-phrase> is only ever called in "purely
|
|
physical mode" when it will later be called outside that mode in any event,
|
|
and that therefore the set of excerpts matched by <s-noun-phrase> genuinely
|
|
is the same as that matched by <s-value>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><if-forced-physical></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-variable-as-value></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { pass 2 }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><if-forced-physical></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-description></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { pass 2 }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">^<if-forced-physical></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-value-uncached></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { pass 2 }</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-noun-phrase-nounless></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><if-forced-physical></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-variable-as-value></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { pass 2 }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><if-forced-physical></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-description-nounless></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { pass 2 }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">^<if-forced-physical></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-value-uncached></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { pass 2 }</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP11" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§11. </b>Finally, the following is needed for conditions ("if fixed in place
|
|
scenery, ...") where the object referred to is understood from context.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="commentary">The reason a literal number is explicitly not allowed to be a condition is
|
|
that if something is created called (say) "Room 62" then "62" might be read
|
|
by <s-description> as an abbreviated reference to that room. (This doesn't
|
|
happen with non-descriptive NPs because then literal values are tried earlier,
|
|
pre-empting descriptions.)
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-descriptive-np></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">(</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-descriptive-np></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">)</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { pass 1 }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><cardinal-number></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { fail }</span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-description></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP11_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Construct a descriptive SN subtree</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">11.1</span></a></span>
|
|
<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><s-adjective-list-as-desc></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP11_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Construct a descriptive SN subtree</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">11.1</span></a></span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP11_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§11.1. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Construct a descriptive SN subtree</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">11.1</span></span><span class="Preform-comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">sn</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[1];</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Annotations::read_int</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">sn</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="constant-syntax">converted_SN_ANNOT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { -, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">sn</span><span class="plain-syntax"> };</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> } </span><span class="reserved-syntax">else</span><span class="plain-syntax"> {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { -, </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP12" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">RP</span><span class="plain-syntax">[1], </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) };</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">XP</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::set_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP11">§11</a> (twice).</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP12" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§12. Junction. </b>At this point we need to join two subtrees, called <span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">A</span></span> and <span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">B</span></span>. <span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">A</span></span> is the
|
|
subject of the sentence phrase, <span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">B</span></span> contains the verb marker and also the
|
|
object.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_DescLocalPast_location</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup3')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup3">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span></span>:<br/><a href="10-varc.html#SP3_1">§3.1</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP3_2">§3.2</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP7_1">§7.1</a>, <a href="10-varc.html#SP11_1">§11.1</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SV_not_SN</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">wording</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">R</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP12" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification_inner</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">SV_not_SN</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">R</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
|
|
<span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification_inner</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SV_not_SN</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">wording</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">subject_noun_phrase</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">, *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_usage</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_negated</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">AMBIGUITY_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">for</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">; </span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">; </span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">next_alternative</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">one</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::duplicate</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">one</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">next_alternative</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">new_poss</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP12" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">SV_not_SN</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">one</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (!(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">new_poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">UNKNOWN_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)))</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SyntaxTree::add_reading</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">new_poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-sp.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Specifications::new_UNKNOWN</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">) && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">) && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">AMBIGUITY_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">))) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">for</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">; </span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">; </span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">next_alternative</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">hmm</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::duplicate</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">hmm</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::duplicate</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">hmm</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">next_alternative</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">new_poss</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP12" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::to_specification</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">SV_not_SN</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">hmm</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (!(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">new_poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">UNKNOWN_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)))</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SyntaxTree::add_reading</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">new_poss</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-sp.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Specifications::new_UNKNOWN</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">amb</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP12_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Reconstruct a bare description as a sentence with an implied absent subject</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.1</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP12_2" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Check that the top structure of the tree is in order, and obtain the verb</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.2</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pcalc_term</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">subj</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">CREATE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pcalc_term</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">subj</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Calculus::Terms::new_constant</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">SV_not_SN</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP12_3" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Convert an SV subtree</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.3</span></a></span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">else</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP12_4" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Convert an SN subtree</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.4</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP12_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§12.1. </b>For instance, "if an open door" can contain a valid condition generating
|
|
an SV-subtree: the implied subject is whatever is being discussed (the I6 <span class="extract"><span class="extract-syntax">self</span></span>
|
|
object, in practice) and the implied verb is "is", in the present tense.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Reconstruct a bare description as a sentence with an implied absent subject</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.1</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">) && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP5" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::verb_marker</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">regular_to_be</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::new</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">UNKNOWN_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SV_not_SN</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::correct_for_adjectives</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP12">§12</a>.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP12_2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§12.2. </b>Having performed that manoeuvre, we can be certain that the top of the tree
|
|
has the standard form, but we check it anyway.
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</p>
|
|
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<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Check that the top structure of the tree is in order, and obtain the verb</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.2</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
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</p>
|
|
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|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">subject_noun_phrase</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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|
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::s_subtree_error</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><a href="1-wtc.html#SP6" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="string-syntax">"VP childless"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_type</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase</span><span class="plain-syntax">) != </span><span class="identifier-syntax">UNKNOWN_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::s_subtree_error</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><a href="1-wtc.html#SP6" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="string-syntax">"VP not a VP"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax"> == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::s_subtree_error</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><a href="1-wtc.html#SP6" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="string-syntax">"verb null"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_negated</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VerbUsages::is_used_negatively</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">))?</span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE:FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP12">§12</a>.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP12_3" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§12.3. </b>There's a delicate little manoeuvre here. We have to be careful because
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the tense and negation operators do not commute with each other: consider
|
|
the difference between "it was true that X is not Y" and "it is not true
|
|
that X was Y". It's therefore essential to apply these operators in the
|
|
correct order. What complicates this is that we have two ways to represent
|
|
the negation of an SV: "X is not Y" can be written as the negation operator
|
|
applied to "X is Y", which we'll call explicit negation, or as a direct
|
|
test of the proposition "not(X is Y)", which is implicit. Explicit negation
|
|
is essential if we need a non-present tense, because the tense operator
|
|
has to come between the negation operator and the test. So it might seem
|
|
that we should always use explicit negation. It makes no difference to
|
|
testing propositions, but it does make a difference to the "now" phrase,
|
|
because the asserting machinery can't take as wide a range of conditions
|
|
as the testing one: so, in general, a condition destined to be used in
|
|
a "now" must have implicit negation. Unfortunately, we can't know its
|
|
destiny yet. What saves the day is that "now" can only accept present
|
|
tense conditions anyway. We therefore adopt explicit negation only when
|
|
using a tense other than the present, and all is well.
|
|
</p>
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|
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|
<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Convert an SV subtree</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.3</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pass</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_negated</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">explicit_negation</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VerbUsages::is_used_negatively</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VerbUsages::get_tense_used</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">) != </span><span class="identifier-syntax">IS_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">explicit_negation</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">; </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pass</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-cn.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Conditions::new_TEST_PROPOSITION</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="11-sc.html#SP1" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Calculus::Propositions::FromSentences::S_subtree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">subj</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pass</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::set_subject_term</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">subj</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Wordings::nonempty</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::set_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VerbUsages::get_tense_used</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">) != </span><span class="identifier-syntax">IS_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><a href="11-bas.html#SP18" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Calculus::Variables::detect_locals</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><a href="14-sp.html#SP3" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Specifications::to_proposition</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">) > </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP12_3_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue a problem for referring to temporary values at a time when they did not exist</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.3.1</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-cn.html#SP11" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Conditions::attach_tense</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">VerbUsages::get_tense_used</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">explicit_negation</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-cn.html#SP7" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Conditions::negate</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP12">§12</a>.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP12_3_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§12.3.1. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue a problem for referring to temporary values at a time when they did not exist</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.3.1</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_DescLocalPast_location</span><span class="plain-syntax"> != </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><a href="1-wtc.html#SP6" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_DescLocalPast</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"conditions written in the past tense cannot refer to "</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"temporary values"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"because they have no past. For instance, the name given in a "</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"'repeat...' can't be talked about as having existed before, and "</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"similarly the pronoun 'it' changes its meaning often, so we can't "</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"safely talk about 'it' in the past."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_DescLocalPast_location</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP12_3">§12.3</a>.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP12_4" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§12.4. </b>This is easier, because tenses don't arise.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Convert an SN subtree</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.4</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><a href="14-ds.html#SP1" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Descriptions::from_proposition</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="11-sc.html#SP1" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Calculus::Propositions::FromSentences::S_subtree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">B</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">subj</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">verb_phrase_negated</span><span class="plain-syntax">), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::set_subject_term</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">subj</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Annotations::write_int</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">spec</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="constant-syntax">converted_SN_ANNOT</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="10-varc.html#SP12_4_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Veto certain cases where text was misunderstood as a description</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.4.1</span></a></span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">VerbUsages::get_tense_used</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">vu</span><span class="plain-syntax">) != </span><span class="identifier-syntax">IS_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">) </span><a href="10-varc.html#SP13" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::throw_past_problem</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">TRUE</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP12">§12</a>.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP12_4_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§12.4.1. </b>This is a little inelegant, but it catches awkward phrases such as "going
|
|
south in the Home" which might be read otherwise as "going south" (an action
|
|
pattern) plus "in the Home" (a description).
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p class="commentary"><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Veto certain cases where text was misunderstood as a description</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">12.4.1</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (!((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::is</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="constant-syntax">CONSTANT_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) ||</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><a href="14-sp.html#SP3" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Specifications::is_description</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) ||</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><a href="14-lv.html#SP7" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Lvalues::get_storage_form</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="constant-syntax">LOCAL_VARIABLE_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">) ||</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><a href="14-lv.html#SP7" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Lvalues::get_storage_form</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">A</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="constant-syntax">NONLOCAL_VARIABLE_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)))</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">return</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><a href="14-sp.html#SP8" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Specifications::new_UNKNOWN</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">W</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="10-varc.html#SP12_4">§12.4</a>.</li></ul>
|
|
<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP13" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§13. </b></p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
|
|
<span class="reserved-syntax">void</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::throw_past_problem</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup4')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup4">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">ExParser::Subtrees::throw_past_problem</span></span>:<br/><a href="10-varc.html#SP12_4">§12.4</a><br/>Sentence Conversions - <a href="11-sc.html#SP1_4_1">§1.4.1</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">desc</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PastSubordinate_issued_at</span><span class="plain-syntax"> != </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PastSubordinate_issued_at</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">current_sentence</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><a href="1-wtc.html#SP6" class="function-link"><span class="function-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span></a><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PastSubordinate</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"subordinate clauses have to be in the present tense"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"so 'the Black Door was open' is fine, but not 'something which "</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"was open'. Only the main verb can be in the past tense."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
|
|
<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<nav role="progress"><div class="progresscontainer">
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