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<!--Weave of '2/ld' generated by 7-->
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<ul class="crumbs"><li><a href="../webs.html">★</a></li><li><a href="index.html">inflections</a></li><li><a href="index.html#2">Chapter 2: Machinery</a></li><li><b>Linguistic Definitions</b></li></ul><p class="purpose">Some basic linguistic constants are defined.</p>
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<ul class="toc"><li><a href="#SP1">§1. Constants</a></li><li><a href="#SP7">§7. A default language</a></li></ul><hr class="tocbar">
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<p class="inwebparagraph"><a id="SP1"></a><b>§1. Constants. </b>First, we support three genders:
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions">
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">NO_KNOWN_GENDERS</span><span class="plain"> 3</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">NEUTER_GENDER</span><span class="plain"> 1 </span> <span class="comment">can be used as Scandinavian "common gender"</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">MASCULINE_GENDER</span><span class="plain"> 2</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">FEMININE_GENDER</span><span class="plain"> 3</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"><a id="SP2"></a><b>§2. </b>There are six "persons":
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions">
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">NO_KNOWN_PERSONS</span><span class="plain"> 6</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">FIRST_PERSON_SINGULAR</span><span class="plain"> 0</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">SECOND_PERSON_SINGULAR</span><span class="plain"> 1</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">THIRD_PERSON_SINGULAR</span><span class="plain"> 2</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">FIRST_PERSON_PLURAL</span><span class="plain"> 3</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">SECOND_PERSON_PLURAL</span><span class="plain"> 4</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">THIRD_PERSON_PLURAL</span><span class="plain"> 5</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"><a id="SP3"></a><b>§3. </b>And two numbers:
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions">
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">NO_KNOWN_NUMBERS</span><span class="plain"> 2</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">SINGULAR_NUMBER</span><span class="plain"> 0</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">PLURAL_NUMBER</span><span class="plain"> 1</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"><a id="SP4"></a><b>§4. </b>And two moods:
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions">
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">NO_KNOWN_MOODS</span><span class="plain"> 2</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">ACTIVE_MOOD</span><span class="plain"> 0</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">PASSIVE_MOOD</span><span class="plain"> 1</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"><a id="SP5"></a><b>§5. </b>25 cases ought to be plenty, though some languages are pretty scary this
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way: Hungarian, for example, has 18. We only require one case to exist, the
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nominative, which is required to be case 0.
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</p>
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<p class="inwebparagraph">But this covers a pretty decent selection. Note that, as with the
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persons above, the sequence corresponds to the defined constants in the
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English Language extension, which we assume will be followed by other
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languages.
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions">
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">MAX_GRAMMATICAL_CASES</span><span class="plain"> 25</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">NOMINATIVE_CASE</span><span class="plain"> 0</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"><a id="SP6"></a><b>§6. </b>There are at least five tenses, the first four of which are used by Inform
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in English. Some languages can use optional extras; French, for example, uses
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tense 5 for the past historic.
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions">
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">NO_KNOWN_TENSES</span><span class="plain"> 7 </span> <span class="comment">allowing for two optional extras in non-English languages</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">IS_TENSE</span><span class="plain"> 0 </span> <span class="comment">Present</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">WAS_TENSE</span><span class="plain"> 1 </span> <span class="comment">Past</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">HASBEEN_TENSE</span><span class="plain"> 2 </span> <span class="comment">Present perfect</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">HADBEEN_TENSE</span><span class="plain"> 3 </span> <span class="comment">Past perfect</span>
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<span class="definitionkeyword">define</span> <span class="constant">WILLBE_TENSE</span><span class="plain"> 4 </span> <span class="comment">Future (not used in assertions or conditions)</span>
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</pre>
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<pre class="display">
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<span class="reserved">void</span><span class="plain"> </span><span class="functiontext">Linguistics::log_tense_number</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="identifier">OUTPUT_STREAM</span><span class="plain">, </span><span class="reserved">int</span><span class="plain"> </span><span class="identifier">t</span><span class="plain">) {</span>
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<span class="reserved">switch</span><span class="plain"> (</span><span class="identifier">t</span><span class="plain">) {</span>
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<span class="reserved">case</span><span class="plain"> </span><span class="constant">IS_TENSE</span><span class="plain">: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"IS_TENSE"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="reserved">case</span><span class="plain"> </span><span class="constant">WAS_TENSE</span><span class="plain">: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"WAS_TENSE"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="reserved">case</span><span class="plain"> </span><span class="constant">HASBEEN_TENSE</span><span class="plain">: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"HASBEEN_TENSE"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="reserved">case</span><span class="plain"> </span><span class="constant">HADBEEN_TENSE</span><span class="plain">: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"HADBEEN_TENSE"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="reserved">case</span><span class="plain"> </span><span class="constant">WILLBE_TENSE</span><span class="plain">: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"WILLBE_TENSE"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="reserved">case</span><span class="plain"> 5: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"CUSTOM1_TENSE"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="reserved">case</span><span class="plain"> 6: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"CUSTOM2_TENSE"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="reserved">default</span><span class="plain">: </span><span class="identifier">WRITE</span><span class="plain">(</span><span class="string">"<invalid-tense>"</span><span class="plain">); </span><span class="reserved">break</span><span class="plain">;</span>
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<span class="plain">}</span>
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<span class="plain">}</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"></p>
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<p class="endnote">The function Linguistics::log_tense_number appears nowhere else.</p>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"><a id="SP7"></a><b>§7. A default language. </b>The following is in effect also a constant; Inform sets it to English early
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in its run.
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</p>
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<pre class="display">
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<span class="identifier">PREFORM_LANGUAGE_TYPE</span><span class="plain"> *</span><span class="identifier">English_language</span><span class="plain"> = </span><span class="identifier">NULL</span><span class="plain">; </span> <span class="comment">until created, early in run</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="inwebparagraph"></p>
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<hr class="tocbar">
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<ul class="toc"><li><i>(This section begins Chapter 2: Machinery.)</i></li><li><a href="2-np.html">Continue with 'Non-Parsing Preform'</a></li></ul><hr class="tocbar">
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