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<!--Weave of 'Property Sentences' generated by Inweb-->
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<div class="breadcrumbs">
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<ul class="crumbs"><li><a href="../index.html">Home</a></li><li><a href="../inform7n.html">Inform7</a></li><li><a href="index.html">assertions</a></li><li><a href="index.html#2">Chapter 2: Declarations</a></li><li><b>Property Sentences</b></li></ul></div>
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<p class="purpose">To examine assertion sentences for property creation.</p>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§1. </b>Inform's syntax for value properties is "X of Y": "the carrying capacity
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of the box", say. Because of this, the word "of" is structurally significant
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when diagramming assertion sentences. Unfortunately "of" also occurs in many
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other situations:
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Yett of Ptarmigan is a room.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">(It's a lookout point on the West Highland Way, not far from the village of
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Milton of Buchanan.) We therefore want to subdivide the parse tree at "of"
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only when it is preceded by a property name, but this means we need to know
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the property names early in Inform's run.
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</p>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§2. </b>We therefore look for this configuration:
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="plain-syntax"> SENTENCE_NT "A container has a number called volume"</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> VERB_NT "has"</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> UNPARSED_NOUN_NT "container"</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> CALLED_NT "called"</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> UNPARSED_NOUN_NT "number"</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> UNPARSED_NOUN_NT "volume"</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary">...and then extract the bottom-most, rightmost noun-phrase as the name of
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a new property. It's sufficient to create it with no other details; the
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sentence will be properly parsed later on.
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="reserved-syntax">void</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax">PropertySentences::look_for_property_creation</span><button class="popup" onclick="togglePopup('usagePopup1')"><span class="comment-syntax">?</span><span class="popuptext" id="usagePopup1">Usage of <span class="code-font"><span class="function-syntax">PropertySentences::look_for_property_creation</span></span>:<br/>Classifying Sentences - <a href="2-cs.html#SP3">§3</a></span></button><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> ((</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_type</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">VERB_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_special_meaning</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Diagrams::is_possessive_RELATIONSHIP</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">))</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_type</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">CALLED_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> && (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">)) {</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">apparent_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">wording</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SW</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">apparent_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_type</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">apparent_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WITH_NT</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">apparent_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">s1</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Wordings::first_wn</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">apparent_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">parse_node</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">C</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">apparent_subject</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">C</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SW</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Wordings::new</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">s1</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Wordings::last_wn</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">C</span><span class="plain-syntax">)));</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">else</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">SW</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Wordings::new</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">s1</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Wordings::last_wn</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">SW</span><span class="plain-syntax">));</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">wording</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">PW</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">Node::get_text</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">pn</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="identifier-syntax">down</span><span class="plain-syntax">-></span><span class="element-syntax">next</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">if</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="function-syntax"><prohibited-property-owners></span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">SW</span><span class="plain-syntax">) == </span><span class="identifier-syntax">FALSE</span><span class="plain-syntax">)</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax"><has-properties-called-sentence-object></span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PW</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§3. </b>A tricky point in detecting property declarations is that they share the
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syntax used for action, activity and rulebook variables. For instance:
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</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The taking action has a number called the hazard level.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p class="commentary">...creates not a property name but an action variable. Fortunately, the names
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of such owners have a distinctive look to them:
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</p>
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<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><prohibited-property-owners></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><action-name-formal></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><activity-name-formal></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><rulebook-name-formal></span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP4" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§4. </b>And this seems a good place to declare the grammar for our "formal names".
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For instance, if we want to talk about the "taking" action in abstract as
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a noun, we write it in the formal way "taking action".
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</p>
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<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><action-name-formal></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">...</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">action</span>
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><activity-name-formal></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">...</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">activity</span>
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><rulebook-name-formal></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">...</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">rulebook</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP5" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§5. </b>Assuming the owner passes that sanity check, the following grammar is then
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applied to the presumed property name: note the side-effect of the final
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production of <has-property-name>.
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</p>
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<pre class="Preform-displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-properties-called-sentence-object></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-property-name></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-property-name-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-property-name></span>
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-property-name-tail></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">,</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">{_and}</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-properties-called-sentence-object></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">{_,/and}</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-properties-called-sentence-object></span>
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<span class="Preform-function-syntax"><has-property-name></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">::=</span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><article></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="2-ps.html#SP5_1" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue PM_PropertyCalledArticle problem</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">5.1</span></a></span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">presence</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="2-ps.html#SP5_2" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue PM_PropertyCalledPresence problem</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">5.2</span></a></span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">***</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">,</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">***</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="2-ps.html#SP5_3" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue PM_PropertyNameForbidden problem</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">5.3</span></a></span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">***</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-function-syntax"><quoted-text></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-constant-syntax">***</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">|</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><a href="2-ps.html#SP5_3" class="named-paragraph-link"><span class="named-paragraph">Issue PM_PropertyNameForbidden problem</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">5.3</span></a></span>
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<span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">...</span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> </span><span class="Preform-reserved-syntax">==></span><span class="Preform-plain-syntax"> { 0, ValueProperties::obtain(W) }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This is <a href="../words-module/4-ap.html" class="internal">Preform grammar</a>, not regular C code.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP5_1" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§5.1. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue PM_PropertyCalledArticle problem</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">5.1</span></span><span class="Preform-comment-syntax"> =</span>
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PropertyCalledArticle</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"a property name cannot consist only of an article"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"which this one seems to. It would lead to awful ambiguities. "</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"More likely, the end of the sentence has been lost somehow?"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span><span class="plain-syntax">, - }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="2-ps.html#SP5">§5</a>.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP5_2" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§5.2. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue PM_PropertyCalledPresence problem</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">5.2</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PropertyCalledPresence</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"a property name cannot consist only of the word 'presence'"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"because this would lead to ambiguities with the rule clause "</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"'...in the presence of...' (For instance, when writing something "</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"like 'Instead of eating in the presence of the Queen: ...') "</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"The best way to fix this is probably to add another word or "</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"two to the property name: 'stage presence', say, would be fine."</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span><span class="plain-syntax">, - }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="2-ps.html#SP5">§5</a>.</li></ul>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP5_3" class="paragraph-anchor"></a><b>§5.3. </b><span class="named-paragraph-container code-font"><span class="named-paragraph-defn">Issue PM_PropertyNameForbidden problem</span><span class="named-paragraph-number">5.3</span></span><span class="comment-syntax"> =</span>
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">StandardProblems::sentence_problem</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">Task::syntax_tree</span><span class="plain-syntax">(), </span><span class="identifier-syntax">_p_</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">PM_PropertyNameForbidden</span><span class="plain-syntax">),</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"a property name cannot contain quoted text or a comma"</span><span class="plain-syntax">,</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"which this one seems to. I think I must be misunderstanding: "</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"possibly you've added a subordinate clause which I can't "</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="string-syntax">"make sense of?"</span><span class="plain-syntax">);</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> ==> { </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span><span class="plain-syntax">, - }</span>
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</pre>
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<ul class="endnotetexts"><li>This code is used in <a href="2-ps.html#SP5">§5</a> (twice).</li></ul>
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