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<!--Weave of 'Linguistic Definitions' generated by Inweb-->
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<ul class="crumbs"><li><a href="../index.html">Home</a></li><li><a href="../compiler.html">Inform7 Modules</a></li><li><a href="index.html">inflections</a></li><li><a href="index.html#2">Chapter 2: Machinery</a></li><li><b>Linguistic Definitions</b></li></ul></div>
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<p class="purpose">Some basic linguistic constants are defined.</p>
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<ul class="toc"><li><a href="2-ld.html#SP1">§1. Constants</a></li><li><a href="2-ld.html#SP7">§7. A default language</a></li></ul><hr class="tocbar">
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP1"></a><b>§1. Constants. </b>First, we support three genders:
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions code-font"><span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">NO_KNOWN_GENDERS</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">3</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">NEUTER_GENDER</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">1</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="comment-syntax"> can be used as Scandinavian "common gender"</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">MASCULINE_GENDER</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">2</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">FEMININE_GENDER</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">3</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP2"></a><b>§2. </b>There are six "persons":
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions code-font"><span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">NO_KNOWN_PERSONS</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">6</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">FIRST_PERSON_SINGULAR</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">SECOND_PERSON_SINGULAR</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">1</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">THIRD_PERSON_SINGULAR</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">2</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">FIRST_PERSON_PLURAL</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">3</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">SECOND_PERSON_PLURAL</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">4</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">THIRD_PERSON_PLURAL</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">5</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP3"></a><b>§3. </b>And two numbers:
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions code-font"><span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">NO_KNOWN_NUMBERS</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">2</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">SINGULAR_NUMBER</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">PLURAL_NUMBER</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">1</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP4"></a><b>§4. </b>And two moods:
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions code-font"><span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">NO_KNOWN_MOODS</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">2</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">ACTIVE_MOOD</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">PASSIVE_MOOD</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">1</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP5"></a><b>§5. </b>25 cases ought to be plenty, though some languages are pretty scary this
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way: Hungarian, for example, has 18. We only require one case to exist, the
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nominative, which is required to be case 0.
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</p>
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<p class="commentary">But this covers a pretty decent selection. Note that, as with the
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persons above, the sequence corresponds to the defined constants in the
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English Language extension, which we assume will be followed by other
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languages.
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions code-font"><span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">MAX_GRAMMATICAL_CASES</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">25</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">NOMINATIVE_CASE</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP6"></a><b>§6. </b>There are at least five tenses, the first four of which are used by Inform
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in English. Some languages can use optional extras; French, for example, uses
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tense 5 for the past historic.
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</p>
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<pre class="definitions code-font"><span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">NO_KNOWN_TENSES</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">7</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="comment-syntax"> allowing for two optional extras in non-English languages</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">IS_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">0</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="comment-syntax"> Present</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">WAS_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">1</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="comment-syntax"> Past</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">HASBEEN_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">2</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="comment-syntax"> Present perfect</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">HADBEEN_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">3</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="comment-syntax"> Past perfect</span>
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<span class="definition-keyword">define</span> <span class="constant-syntax">WILLBE_TENSE</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">4</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="comment-syntax"> Future (not used in assertions or conditions)</span>
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</pre>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="reserved-syntax">void</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="function-syntax">Linguistics::log_tense_number</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="identifier-syntax">OUTPUT_STREAM</span><span class="plain-syntax">, </span><span class="reserved-syntax">int</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">t</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">switch</span><span class="plain-syntax"> (</span><span class="identifier-syntax">t</span><span class="plain-syntax">) {</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">IS_TENSE:</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"IS_TENSE"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WAS_TENSE:</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"WAS_TENSE"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">HASBEEN_TENSE:</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"HASBEEN_TENSE"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">HADBEEN_TENSE:</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"HADBEEN_TENSE"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WILLBE_TENSE:</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"WILLBE_TENSE"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">5</span><span class="plain-syntax">: </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"CUSTOM1_TENSE"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="reserved-syntax">case</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="constant-syntax">6</span><span class="plain-syntax">: </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"CUSTOM2_TENSE"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">default:</span><span class="plain-syntax"> </span><span class="identifier-syntax">WRITE</span><span class="plain-syntax">(</span><span class="string-syntax">"<invalid-tense>"</span><span class="plain-syntax">); </span><span class="reserved-syntax">break</span><span class="plain-syntax">;</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax"> }</span>
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<span class="plain-syntax">}</span>
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</pre>
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<p class="commentary firstcommentary"><a id="SP7"></a><b>§7. A default language. </b>The following is in effect also a constant; Inform sets it to English early
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in its run.
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</p>
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<pre class="displayed-code all-displayed-code code-font">
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<span class="identifier-syntax">PREFORM_LANGUAGE_TYPE</span><span class="plain-syntax"> *</span><span class="identifier-syntax">English_language</span><span class="plain-syntax"> = </span><span class="identifier-syntax">NULL</span><span class="plain-syntax">; </span><span class="comment-syntax"> until created, early in run</span>
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